He aha ka pickling phosphating
He kaʻina hana ia no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili o ka metala, ʻo ka pickling ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻona o ka waikawa e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka metala e wehe i ka ʻōpala.ʻO ka Phosphating ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka metala holoi ʻakika me ka solution phosphating e hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni oxide ma luna o ka ʻili, hiki ke pale i ka ʻōpala a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pili ʻana o ka pena e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hana aʻe.

ʻO ka pickling no ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka ʻili ʻo ia ke ʻano i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke kahua ʻoihana.Hoʻokō ʻia ke kumu o ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka wehe ʻana i ka ʻili ma ka wehe ʻana i ka hydrogen i hana ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka waika o ka oxide a me ka corrosion.ʻO nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pickling he hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid a me phosphoric acid.ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa Nitric no ka mea e hoʻopuka ana ia i ke kinoea nitrogen dioxide i ka wā pickling.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka waiʻona hydrochloric pickling no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ma mua o 45 ℃, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana o 10% a 45%, pono pū kekahi e hoʻohui i ka nui kūpono o ka mea hoʻopiʻi noe wai kūpono.ʻO ka sulfuric acid ma ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa pickling wikiwiki e lohi loa, pono e hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahana waena, ka mahana o 50 ~ 80 ℃, ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana o 10% ~ 25%.ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka pickling phosphoric acid, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopuka i nā koena corrosive (ʻoi aku a liʻiliʻi paha he koena Cl-, SO42- ma hope o ka waikawa hydrochloric a me ka ʻakika sulfuric pickling), he mea palekana, akā ʻo ka hemahema o ka waikawa phosphoric ʻo ia ka ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai, lohi ka wikiwiki o ka pickling, ʻo ka hoʻohana maʻamau o 10% a 40%, a hiki i ka mahana mālama ke lilo i ka mahana maʻamau i 80 ℃.I ke kaʻina hana pickling, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻakika hui ʻia he ala maikaʻi loa ia, e like me ka hydrochloric-sulfuric acid i hui pū ʻia, phospho-citric acid i hui pū ʻia.Pono e hoʻohui ʻia ka nui kūpono o ka corrosion inhibitor i ka pickling, ka hoʻohemo ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me ka solution tank removal oxidation.Nui nā ʻano o ka corrosion inhibitors, a he maʻalahi ke koho ʻana, a ʻo kāna hana ke kāohi i ka ʻino metala a pale i ka "hydrogen embrittlement".Eia naʻe, i ka pickling "hydrogen embrittleness" sensitive workpieces, i ke koho o ka corrosion inhibitors pono e makaala loa, no ka mea, kekahi mau corrosion inhibitors keakea i ka pane ana o elua hydrogen atoms i hydrogen mole, oia hoi: 2[H]→H2↑, no laila, i ka noonoo ana. Hoʻonui ʻia nā ʻātoma hydrogen ma ka ʻili o ka metala, e hoʻonui ana i ka "hydrogen embrittleness".No laila, pono e nīnau i ka manual data corrosion a i ʻole e hana i kahi ho'āʻo "hydrogen embrittlements" e pale aku i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopaneʻe ʻino.

ʻO ka holomua o ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻenehana - hoʻomaʻemaʻe laser ʻōmaʻomaʻo
ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe laser e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka kukuna laser ikehu kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻili o ka mea hana, i hiki ai i ka ʻili o ka lepo, ka ʻōpala a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana i ka evaporation koke a i ʻole ka wehe ʻana, kiʻekiʻe-wikiwiki a me ka wehe pono ʻana o ka ʻili. ka hoʻopili ʻana a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana i luna, i mea e hoʻokō ai i kahi kaʻina maʻemaʻe.He ʻenehana hou ia e pili ana i ka hopena pili o ka laser a me ka waiwai, a loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe kuʻuna e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mechanical, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kino, ka wai hoʻomaʻemaʻe ikaika ikaika, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ultrasonic kiʻekiʻe.He kūpono, wikiwiki, haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, haʻahaʻa wela liʻiliʻi a me ka ukana mechanical ma ka substrate, a ʻaʻole e hōʻino ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe;Hiki ke hana hou ʻia ka ʻōpala, ʻaʻohe mea haumia kaiapuni palekana a hilinaʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ke olakino o ka mea hoʻohana hiki ke wehe i nā ʻano mānoanoa like ʻole, nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kaʻina hoʻomaʻemaʻe pae uhi e maʻalahi ke hoʻokō i ka mana maʻalahi, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mamao a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe laser ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka pollution-free e hoʻopau loa i ka hoʻohewa ʻana i ka pollution o ka pickling phosphating treatment technology.ʻO kahi ʻenehana no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻōmaʻomaʻo - "hoʻomaʻemaʻe laser" i puka mai a piʻi me ke kai.ʻO kāna noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me kāna noi e alakaʻi i ka hoʻololi hou o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻenehana a lawe mai i kahi hiʻohiʻona hou i ka ʻoihana lapaʻau honua.